citation

 citation

= proof of where something came from—like a link or reference showing the information isn’t just your own guess

Mark added a citation to credit the author of his fishing tips.

Mark used a citation to support his weekend meditation article.

Susan included a citation so her class essay looked credible.

Susan used a citation so her teacher could verify her facts.

Some synonyms and antonyms for “citation”:

Synonyms:

reference

source

footnote

acknowledgment

Antonyms:

no source

unverified claim

no reference

unsupported statement

Question: In writing, what does a citation mainly do?

A) Shows the source

B) Changes the facts

C) Deletes the quote

D) Makes it longer

The Pizza Paper

Susan, a hardworking university student, was typing furiously on her laptop. Finally, she hit the print button. Susan included a citation so her class essay looked credible. She really wanted to impress her strict teacher!

She proudly showed the freshly printed paper to Mark, a successful businessman, who was visiting town with his elegant girlfriend, Chloe.

Then, she gave it to Mark and Mark replied, "Oh, let me see... Wow, it's incredible! You did a great job."

Susan stretched her arms and smiled brightly. "My class essay is finally completed! Time to relax!"

To celebrate her hard work, Mark, Chloe, and Susan went to a famous local Italian restaurant to eat pizza. When the waiter brought their steaming hot meal, Susan looked a bit disappointed.

Susan said, "The pizza without pineapple and sausage looks pale... It is just cheese and tomato."

Mark, who loved traditional food, smiled. "No, please try. It is a classic Margherita pizza."

Then, Susan eagerly picked up a slice. She tried it, but suddenly, a huge, hot string of melted cheese dropped down directly onto her printed essay! She had placed it on the table to keep it safe.

"Oh no!" Susan gasped, trying to wipe the yellow grease off her hard work.

Mark laughed out loud. "Your essay is also hungry, just let it have a bite!"

Chloe giggled, but Susan was panicking. However, it seemed the essay was too dirty to hand in to the professor. Sadly, the class started in twenty minutes, so it was hard to print it again and hand in the essay on time.

Susan felt frustrated, looked at the greasy orange stain, and said, "Umm... I hope the professor won't mind."

Then, she ran to the university and handed it in.

After a few days, her professor handed out all the graded essays to the classmates. He stopped at Susan's desk and replied to Susan loudly, "I am always hungry when I hold your essay. It seems delicious! Susan, thank you very much!"

The entire classroom erupted in laughter. Susan felt deeply embarrassed and made sure this kind of thing would never happen again!

Questions

1. Why did the professor say Susan's essay made him hungry?

A) Because Susan wrote her whole essay about Italian restaurants.

B) Because Mark and Chloe bought the professor a slice of pizza.

C) Because the essay had a big, greasy pizza cheese stain on it.

D) Because the professor forgot to eat breakfast before class.

2. Read this sentence from the story: "Susan included a citation so her class essay looked credible." Based on the provided definition, what does the word "citation" mean?

A) A type of melted cheese used on traditional Italian pizza.

B) A funny joke told by a successful businessman.

C) A proof or reference showing where the information came from.

D) A small spelling mistake made by a university student.

ultimately

 

ultimately

= finally 

最終／終究;

The police went after him, but ultimately he remained at large.

警方追捕他，但最終他仍然逍遙法外。

Mark worked hard for years, and ultimately, his efforts paid off.

Mark 努力了多年，最後他的付出終於有了回報。

Susan tried several diets, but ultimately decided to seek professional help.

Susan 嘗試了好幾種飲食方式，最終決定尋求專業協助。

The charity event was delayed for more than a month, but ultimately, it turned out to be a success.  

慈善活動延遲了超過一個月，但最後證明還是成功了。

Some synonyms and antonyms for "ultimately":

Synonyms:

Finally

Eventually

In the end 

Antonyms:

Initially 

First 

At the start

#English #Vocabulary #EnglishLearning #Grammar #英単語 #英語学習 #TOEIC #IELTS

What does "ultimately" mean?

A) At the beginning

B) In the end

C) Occasionally

D) For a short time

foreshadow

 foreshadow

= to hint at or suggest something that will happen later, especially in a story

The dark clouds foreshadowed rain during Mark’s weekend run.

A sudden drop in sales foreshadowed trouble for Mark’s business.

Mark’s new investment foreshadowed another successful year.

The delicious smell from the café foreshadowed a tasty lunch for Susan.

Some synonyms and antonyms for “foreshadow”:

Synonyms:

Foretell

Predict

Portend

Presage

Antonyms:

Follow

Succeed

Result

Postdate

Question: What does “foreshadow” mean?

A) Hint at what comes later

B) Explain what happened before

C) Hide something from view

D) Change something completely  

The Jogging Trap

Mark was a successful businessman and a professional runner who loved spending his weekends running for meditation. On a sunny Saturday morning, Mark prepared to go jogging by himself. Before he left, he asked his robotic clone, robot Mark—who spent Fridays handling corporate meetings so the real Mark could enjoy free time—about the weather.

The robot Mark sighed, "No worries, it is pretty good. No rain and a bit of cloud cover the sun. It is perfect for your running practice."

Mark replied, "I see. Great... See you then."

He stepped outside and began his usual routine. However, the dark clouds foreshadowed rain during Mark’s weekend run. Within ten minutes, he noticed the gloomy sky. Soon, the rain poured heavily, and Mark had nowhere to hide or shed water.

Completely soaked, he looked like a walking sponge. Instead of turning back, Mark kept running because he refused to waste his precious schedule. After a grueling hour of practice, he finally squished his way back home.

The moment he stepped inside, Mark walked to the living room window to check the sky. To his utter shock, the sun was shining brightly, as if it were mocking him!

Robot Mark rolled over on metallic wheels, holding a cup of hot coffee. "Did you enjoy your spontaneous swimming session?"

Mark glared at his robot, wondering if his next weekend meditation should involve reprogramming artificial intelligence.

Question 1

Why did Mark keep running even after the heavy rain started?

A) He wanted to test his waterproof running shoes.

B) He did not want to waste his scheduled running time.

C) He was trying to catch up with his niece, Susan.

D) Robot Mark forced him to stay outside.

Question 2

Based on the story, which of the following best defines the word foreshadowed as used in the sentence "The dark clouds foreshadowed rain during Mark’s weekend run"?

A) To hide or block completely from view

B) To cause something to happen immediately

C) To act as a warning or hint of something that will happen later

D) To clear away bad weather quickly

conceive

 conceive

= to form an idea or plan in your mind 

Mark conceived a plan to expand his IT business.

Mark conceived a new app while enjoying his morning coffee.

Mark conceived a strategy to help his company succeed.

Susan conceived an idea for a university food festival. 

Susan conceived a plan to visit a different restaurant each week.

 

Some synonyms and antonyms for “conceive”:

Synonyms:

Imagine

Devise

Formulate

Envision  

Antonyms:

Forget

Ignore

Dismiss

Abandon 

Question: What does “conceive” mean in this sentence?

Mark conceived a plan for his business.

A) Forget a plan

B) Form an idea

C) Follow a rule

D) Share a meal  

Operation: Secret Snack

Susan conceived an idea for a university food festival. As a proud football player, a dedicated foodie, and an undercover aspiring secret agent known to her uncle as "Susan Bond," she always dressed in sharp black shirts and trousers. While brainstorming for the annual campus food booth, she scratched her chin and whispered into her wrist comms, "What is the ultimate fuel for a professional spy on a high-speed mission?"

After weeks of deep research into espionage nutrition, she finally cracked the code. Spy food had to be stealthy, quick, and completely ridiculous.

When the festival began, Susan proudly set up her stall beneath a dramatic banner that read: "The Spy Food!"

What did the food turn out to be? Instead of fancy international cuisine, her entire table was stacked high with microscopic bags of invisible cotton candy, spy-pen licorice that leaked temporary green ink, and "classified" cheese sandwiches wrapped in shredded top-secret documents.

The bizarre menu completely surprised the bustling campus audience. Students whispered and gighed, wondering if eating a donut would self-destruct in five seconds.

Just then, Mark strolled past the booth. Between running tech companies, managing sports cars, and fishing on weekends, Mark always loved a good joke. Spotting his clever niece, Mark clapped his hands and laughed aloud.

"Brilliant!" Mark declared, winking at the crowd. "It is very good for a spy to eat during a mission! Nothing beats an invisible snack when you are dodging laser beams."

Boosted by Mark’s endorsement and the sheer curiosity of hungry students, the booth went viral. Sales skyrocketed instantly, breaking every campus record in university history.

That evening, Susan, Mark, and Chloe gathered at a local diner to celebrate. While Chloe enjoyed a normal, ordinary cup of coffee, Susan polished off a victory burger. They clinked their glasses together, celebrating the ultimate triumph of Operation: Secret Snack.

Questions

Question 1: Story Details

What made Susan's food booth stand out at the university food festival?

A) She sold very expensive gourmet meals cooked by professional chefs.

B) She served strange, spy-themed items like invisible cotton candy and secret-document sandwiches.

C) She sold sports car accessories and fishing gear to students.

D) She gave away free coffee to everyone who walked past her table.

Question 2: Vocabulary Check

Read the sentence from the story: "Susan conceived an idea for a university food festival."

Based on this sentence, what does the word "conceive" mean?

A) To forget a plan completely

B) To buy something expensive from a store

C) To form an idea or plan in your mind

D) To cook a meal for a large group of people

conduct

 conduct

= behavior—especially the way someone acts

Mark’s conduct at work was always professional.

Mark showed respectful conduct during meetings in the IT industry.

Mark’s conduct improved after he started weekend meditation.

Susan’s conduct in the university was friendly and polite.

Susan showed good conduct when meeting new friends on campus.

Some synonyms and antonyms for "conduct":

Synonyms:

behavior

behavioral

actions

demeanor

Antonyms:

misbehavior

disorder

carelessness

rudeness

 

Question: What does “conduct” mean in “His conduct was good”?

A) Bad weather

B) Real and definite facts

C) Behavior

D) Sports car model

The Ultimate Coding Irony

Mark’s conduct at work was always professional. As a successful IT engineer who loved fast sports cars and strong coffee, he always maintained a polite and polished demeanor in the office, even if his actual programming was sometimes a bit messy.

On this particular Friday, the real Mark spent the whole day at the office writing a brand-new software program. As soon as he finished, Mark proudly shouted at the screen, "Perfect code with a perfect man!"

All the work was completed, and Mark left early with a relaxed mood to go enjoy the day.

At the same time, back at Mark's house, his advanced android—the robot Mark—remotely hacked into the company system to check all the work the real Mark had just done in the office.

After checking the files, the robot Mark giggled and spoke to itself, "So many careless mistakes!"

In fact, the robot found its human creator's programming errors so hilarious that the robot Mark giggled for almost three hours without stopping. Then, its power was used up and changed to sleep mode.

When Mark went back home later that evening, he knew nothing about what had happened, except he saw the robot Mark was sleeping on the sofa, completely unaware that his own robot thought his coding was a disaster.

Question 1

What does the word "conduct" mean as it is used in the sentence "Mark’s conduct at work was always professional"?

A) The physical clothing and shoes a person wears to the office.

B) The way a person behaves and acts in a specific environment.

C) The speed at which a computer program runs code.

D) The electrical wiring inside a modern robot.

Question 2

Based on the story, why did the robot Mark giggle for almost three hours without stopping?

A) Because it watched a funny comedy movie on television.

B) Because Susan told it a hilarious joke about football.

C) Because it checked the work the real Mark did in the office and found many careless mistakes.

D) Because its battery was completely full and malfunctioning.